Charles Washington, of Oakridge, Tenn., is an amazing man, and he's had an amazing life –– and the fact that he is thought to be the longest-living single heart-transplant survivor has little to do with it.
Washington survived a massive heart attack, but his father, one of his brothers and one of his sons didn't survive when they also had massive heart attacks.
Washington well remembers the day he had his heart attack: Labor Day, Sept. 2, 1982.
"I thought I had indigestion," he said during a recent interview at his home. "I went outside and ran up and down the street two or three times, thinking it would help," he said.
He smiled a bit and said: "That was dumb. I collapsed in the yard. But I began to feel better. I went inside and laid across the bed. My wife came in and saw I was in terrible shape.
"She asked me if I wanted her to call an ambulance. When a man says 'yes' to that, you know something is seriously wrong." Being the macho man, Washington got onto the gurney himself, but on the way to the hospital, "I was in the most excruciating pain I've ever had."
He said when he arrived at the emergency room, an intern was on duty. He said the young doctor would examine him, then go look into a medical book, come back, examine him and go look again in the book.
"I was thinking, oh my God, he has no idea," Washington said.
The next morning, he was still alive. But the cardiologist told him on a scale of one to 10 –– 10 being dangerous –– his heart was at 9.5.
"That scared the dickens out of me," Washington said.
He spent the next seven days in the local hospital and, upon release, was told to "take it easy ... there's nothing we can do."
After contacting several hospitals around the country, Washington went to a hospital in Alabama for bypass surgery. He was told there that he didn't have long to live. During the surgery, the hospital experienced a power outage.
He said his family then learned that 12 trauma centers were doing experimental heart transplants. He chose The Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital in Houston. He had family there in Texas, but he had no safe way to get there unless they could find a private airplane.
In stepped Union Carbide Corp. and official Gordon Fee.
"I didn't ask how, but they got the plane," Washington said. "While the nurses were preparing me for the trip, an old lady, a nurse, said, 'I know you're going to be all right.'"
The doctors had discussed with him the possibility of his dying in flight because of the altitude. His wife, Eva, and son, Charles Jr., were there when he was put on the plane.
"I heard my son say, 'If the plane goes straight up, he'll be OK. But if it veers to the right or left, we'll lose him,'" Washington said as he choked back tears. He says when talking about the experience again, "It's almost like reliving it."
The plane went straight up, and for the next 17 days, Washington was between life and death, most times comatose. He lost 100 pounds. Then his physician, Dr. Denton A. Cooley, a heart transplant pioneer, came in with the news that a heart was available.
March 27, 1983, was the day Charlie Washington started a new life.
As he tells his story, he still sobs. He understands that the life he has was made possible because a teenager died a long time ago. That 18-year-old man's death is what 74-year-old Washington said "is one of the most civilizing things someone can get when you think about your relationship with God."
Washington received the heart of an 18-year-old Texas man, the son of an Exxon vice president who died in a motorcycle crash. That fact brings tears to his eyes and causes his voice to crack when talking about it even today. He calls it "an inner conflict."
"I constantly fight those demons. The fact that you have someone else's heart is that someone died," he said.
But he said he isn't alone in those feelings. Others who have transplants talk about it when they are all together for a reunion or other events.
"We have interesting relationships with each other and within ourselves," he said. "We have another person's living organ inside of us. You try not to think about it, but you do. You know it always.”
"I did well," Washington said. "The whole (home-town) community prayed for me and sent me letters. I had so many letters, one of the doctors asked me 'Who are you?'"
Washington stayed in Houston until August.
"I woke every morning and put on a suit and tie," he said, something he'd been doing just about every day as long as he could remember. "It made me feel better."
What's also amazing? Charlie Washington and his wife, Eva, have been married for 53 years.
"She was the most beautiful woman I'd ever seen –– even after traveling to the Far East," Charlie said with a grin.
The first time Charlie saw Eva was at a high school spelling bee. They were the only two left standing, and he intentionally misspelled his word so she could win.
"I fell in love with her the first time I saw her," he said. "But I never thought I'd see her again."
Charlie said, although they lived in the same county, they went to different high schools. Charlie joined the Air Force and when he returned home to Attapulgus, Ga., Eva was teaching. His mother tried to put the two together several times, but at that time, Charlie wasn't interested in a serious relationship, and he was only home on a 30-day leave.
But he gave in and escorted Eva to a teachers' ball. That's when he really noticed her beauty. Even though, he said, he was seeing two other women and seeing them all at different times on the same day.
"I was quite a handsome dude at that time," Charlie said. "I had suits made in Formosa with matching vests. I changed clothes two or three times a day."
But he married Eva. The couple moved to Oak Ridge, Tenn. in 1972. There, the couple raised three children: Charles Jr., Samuel and Charlotte. Samuel died a few years ago of a massive heart attack while helping move a refrigerator.
"I'm very conscious of life and death. If there was ever any apprehension about death, they're suddenly gone. It's much more about living," Charlie said.
Eva now also has medical problems and is undergoing dialysis. Charlie remains fairly healthy despite taking a "tremendous amount” of anti-rejection medicines.
But that's not all. The longest surviving heart transplant patient in the world has also had a kidney transplant. That was 16 years ago, and last year, doctors put a stint in his heart.
"So far, my prognosis is good," he said.
Survival rate improves for heart transplants, Canadian study finds – the Waterloo Region Record; written by Anne-Marie Tobin of the Canadian Press; Monday, October 24, 2011
Health: Heart transplant survival rates improving – the Globe and Mail; written by Anne-Marie Tobin of the Canadian Press; Monday, October 24, 2011
Heart transplants are still anything but ordinary, but doctors these days have a much better handle on the outcomes for this extraordinary type of surgery.
A long-term study to be unveiled Monday at the Canadian Cardiovascular Congress in Vancouver looked at heart transplant results since 1984 at the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, covering the follow-up on a total of 461 patients.
"Despite being a very involved and complicated program, heart transplant is a very successful form of treatment," said Dr. Marc Ruel, surgical director of the heart transplant program at the institute.
Without a transplant, he said the patients would not have lived one more year.
But with a transplant, the survival rate over the period of the study was 86 per cent after one year, 75 per cent at five years, 62 per cent at 10 years, and 36 per cent at 20 years.
The younger the patient is at the time of the transplant, the more successful the outcome, the study showed.
"We had a patient who was still followed at 25 years and four months, so that's the longest survival we've had, but many patients are still alive well beyond 20 years, and hopefully we'll have solutions to keep them alive for a long time," Ruel said.
The oldest person receiving a heart transplant in the study period was 74, and the youngest was 18.
Transplants can be done after age 65 with good results, but doctors have to carefully make their selections in order to avoid patients with other significant illnesses that would compromise lifespan or quality of life, he said.
Modern heart transplantation became available in 1980, and the study found that survival rates have improved by more than 20 per cent in the years since.
"Eight-year survival since the 2000s is close to 90 per cent; 89.3 per cent to be exact. So this really sets a very high standard for other series to be compared upon," Ruel remarked.
An international registry of heart transplants finds that survival is expected to be about 67 per cent at seven years, so the results in Ottawa compare favourably.
The first human heart transplant was done by Dr. Christiaan Barnard in South Africa in December 1967. The patient lived for 18 days, and died of pneumonia.
